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1. Which of the following statements about the TMMi test process improvement model is true? K2 1 credit

In TMMi all the process areas at lower levels must be 75% complete by achieving specific and generic goals in order to claim the higher level

TMMi provides an approach for test process improvement such as the IDEAL (Initiating, Diagnosing, Establishing, Acting and Learning) model

TMMi has a staged architecture for process improvement with seven maturity levels

At TMMi level 1 testing is chaotic without a defined process, and it is often seen as the same as debugging

2. After a selection process you have selected a test management tool that is going be introduced in your organization and used by your test team in a pilot project.

You have already identified the member of your test team who will be the administrator of the tool, since he/she has a significant experience with the administration of test management tools and so he/she is able to make effective and efficient up-front decisions about "how" the tool will be used. You have also developed a training plan for the other members of your test team.

In collaboration with the administrator of the tool you have also devised standard ways of managing, storing and maintaining the tool and its assets including backup/restore procedures.

You have also analyzed standard formats supported by the tool (CSV, XLS, XML, etc.) to export, import and archive all the information managed by the tool itself (requirements, test case specifications, test plans etc.) for compliance with the most important test management tools, in order to minimize the impacts of migrating this information to a new tool that could replace the existing one in the future.

Which of the following phases in the lifecycle of the new tool has NOT been adequately considered in this description? K2 1 credit

Acquisition

Support and maintenance

Evolution

Retirement

3. Assume you are a Test Manager involved in system testing of a CRM application for a Pay-TV company. Currently the application is able to support a proper number of users assuring the required responsiveness. Since the business is expected to grow, you have been asked to evaluate the ability of the application to grow to support more users while maintaining the same responsiveness.

Which of the following tools would you expect to be the most useful at performing this evaluation?

K2 1 credit

Coverage tools

Test management tools

Static analysis tools

Performance tools

4. Assume you are managing a test automation project for a mission-critical system.

Because vendor provided tools and open source solutions don't meet the needs of this project, you ask your test team to develop a custom automation framework.

Which of the following management issues associated to the development of this custom automation framework is least likely to manage? K2 1 credit

Proper testing for the custom automation framework must be performed

The custom automation framework will require an adequate documentation

The changes to the custom automation framework should be communicated to all external users of this tool under the GNU license

The custom automation framework will need proper maintenance

5. In your organization the following tools of the same vendor are currently in use. a requirements management tool, a test management tool and a bug tracking tool.

You are the Test Manager.

You are currently evaluating a test automation tool of the same vendor (to complete the vendor's tool suite) against an interesting open-source test automation tool under the GNU GPL (General Public License).

There are no initial costs associated to that open-source tool.

Which of the following statements associated to the selection of the open-source tool is correct in this scenario?

K2 1 credit

The open-source tool can be modified but only if the community of developers of that tool gives you the formal permission to modify it

There are no initial costs for the open-source tool but you should carefully consider the costs associated to the integration with the existing tools and also evaluate the recurring costs

There are no initial costs for the open-source tool because open-source tools are usually low-quality, while vendor tools have always a better quality than the corresponding open-source tools

The open-source tool can be modified but it can’t be distributed further in any way

6. Assume you are the Test Manager in charge of independent testing for avionics applications.

You are in charge of testing for a project to implement three different CSCI (Computer Software Configuration Item):

- a BOOT-X CSCI that must be certified at level B of the DO-178B standard

- a DIAG-X CSCI that must be certified at level C of the DO-178B standard

- a DRIV-X CSCI that must be certified at level A of the DO-178B standard

These are three different software modules written in C language to run on a specific hardware platform.

You have been asked to select a single code coverage tool to perform the mandatory code coverage measurements, in order to meet the structural coverage criteria prescribed by the DO-178B standard. This tool must be qualified as a verification tool under DO-178B.

Since there are significant budget constraints to purchase this tool, you are evaluating an open-source tool that is able to provide different types of code coverage. This tool meets perfectly your technical needs in terms of the programming language and the specific hardware platform (it supports also the specific C-compiler).

The source code of the tool is available.

Your team could easily customize the tool to meet the project needs. This tool is not qualified as a verification tool under the DO-178B.

Which of the following are the three main concerns related to that open-source tool selection? K4 3 credits (2 credits out of 3 credits correct, 1 credit point)

Does the tool support all the types of code coverage required from the three levels A, B, C of the DO-178B standard?

Does the tool have a good general usability?

What are the costs to qualify the tool as a verification tool under the DO-178B?

Is the installation procedure of the tool easy?

Does the tool require a system with more than 4GB of RAM memory?

Is the licensing scheme of the tool compatible with the confidentiality needs of the avionics company?

7. Which of the following would you expect to be most likely an example of a demotivating factor for testers? K2 1 credit

The management asks the testers to be kept informed about the intensity, quality and results of testing

The testers’ recommendations to improve the system or its testability are adopted by the development team

The same regressions tests are manually executed by the same testers, for every product release, without regression test tools

The testers are assessed on whether and how often they detect important and critical failures

Test quality is measured by counting the number of customer/user reported problems.

8. Your test team consists of four members (Mary, Bob, Mark, Dave) with different interpersonal skills.

The following skills assessment spreadsheet shows the characteristics of the team members with respect to a list of interpersonal-skills (for each characteristic only the member with the highest level of that characteristic is indicated and marked with ‘X’):

On the next project a member of your test team will have to perform some routine tasks requiring collaboration with other teams.

Who in your test team would you expect to be most suitable at doing these tasks? K4 3 credits

Mary

Bob

Mark

Dave

9. An agile development team decides to hire a tester who has always worked.

- in independent test teams, reporting the problems found in a defect tracking system

- in safety-critical projects, with a stronger focus on the quality of the product than on time and budget.

This agile team is focused on short-term goals to get the product released on time and within budget.

Which of the following answers would you expect to be most likely true in this scenario? K2 1 credit

Agile teams like the presence of a tester in their teams and the tester will be able to adapt to the new context without any issue

The developers will immediately follow the guidelines described by the tester

The tester can continue to report the problems found in a defect tracking system and be more focused on the quality than on time and budget constraints

The tester’s mission could be to verify adherence to requirements, instead of reporting formally the problems in a defect tracking system

10. Which of the following would you expect to be most likely an example of a motivating factor for testers? K2 1 credit

The resources allocated for the testing activities are not sufficient and don’t allow the testers to contribute to the quality of the product

The testers contribution to the quality of the software products developed from an organization is recognized with increased responsibilities

The same regressions tests are executed manually by the same testers, for every product release, without any progression in content

The testers are asked to perform, in parallel with their testing tasks, other tasks unrelated to their testing responsibilities

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11. Consider the following skills assessment spreadsheet for your test team (consisting of four team members):

This spreadsheet has three sections: technical expertise, testing skills and professionalism.

The skill levels for each skill area for both the “technical expertise” and “testing skills” sections have been rated on a four-point scale:

- E (Expert): indicates that a person has expert knowledge and experience in the skill area

- B (Beginner): indicates that a person has some knowledge and experience in the skill area but he/she is not autonomous

- W (Wants to learn): indicates that a person has no knowledge or experience in the skill area but he/she wants to learn that skill

- NI (Not Interested): indicates that a person has no knowledge or experience in the skill area and he/she is not interested to learn that skill

The skill levels for each skill area of the “professionalism” section have been rated on a three point scale (H=High, M=Medium, L=Low).

You are using this skills assessment spreadsheet in order to define a training development plan for your test team.

Your objective is to fill the skill gaps by having at least a team member rated as an expert

for each skill identified for the “technical expertise” and “testing skills” sections, and with the ability to train the other team members.

Considering the budget constraints you can send only one person to a training course.

Based only on the given information, which of the following answers would you expect to be the best option to achieve your objective? K4 3 credits

Send Robert to a performance testing training course

Send Alex to a performance testing training course

Send John to a performance testing training course

Send Mark to a test automation training course

12. Consider the following skills assessment spreadsheet for your test team (consisting of four team members):

This spreadsheet has three sections: technical expertise, testing skills and professionalism.

The skill levels for each skill area for both the “technical expertise” and “testing skills” sections have been rated on a four-point scale:

- E (Expert): indicates that a person has expert knowledge and experience in the skill area

- B (Beginner): indicates that a person has some knowledge and experience in the skill area but he/she is not autonomous

- W (Wants to learn): indicates that a person has no knowledge or experience in the skill area but he/she wants to learn that skill

- NI (Not Interested): indicates that a person has no knowledge or experience in the skill area and he/she is not interested to learn that skill

The skill levels for each skill area of the “professionalism” section have been rated on a three point scale (H=High, M=Medium, L=Low).

Consider the following analysis of testing skills performed on four people. Alex, Robert, John and Mark (all the skills have been rated on an ascending scale. The higher the score, the better the skill):

Which of these people, based on this analysis, would you expect to be most suitable to work specifically as test designer? K4 3 credits

Alex

Roberta

John

Mark

13. Assume you are managing the system testing execution phase of a project.

The system test execution period for that project is scheduled for eighteen weeks and the release date is scheduled at the end of system testing.

During the sixth week of system test execution, at the staff meeting, the project manager informs you that the project deadlines are changed and the release date that is only three weeks ahead.

This new release will not allow the completion of the system tests. Suppose also that you have followed a risk-driven test approach for this project.

Which of the following statements represents the worst way to lead your test team in the next three weeks? K2 1 credit

Neglect your management activities and work side-by-side with your test team executing tests

Considering the executed tests, you should reduce the test coverage back on the risk analysis and adjust downward the priority of the associated risk items

Convince all the people of your test team that each of them is an important and needed member, and that their contribution is fundamental to the success of the team

Favor and encourage a proactive attitude where people ask for new tasks as soon as they finish their current tasks

14. You can count on well-written requirements, but you can’t count on an adequate contribution of the stakeholders to the quality risk analysis. You have to mitigate the insufficient contribution of the stakeholders because the risk-based testing approach shall minimize the product risks. Your test team has one expert tester in security testing.

Which of the following test activities would you expect to be the less important in this context?

K4 3 credits

Extract from the defect tracking system of the previous project all the security defects and failures, and classify them to support design and execution of specific tests

Automate all functional and non-functional system tests

Apply systematic and exploratory testing for integration and system test

Perform exploratory testing sessions with adequate charters covering security aspects

15. Consider an information system of a Pay-Tv company based on a SOA architecture.

The integrated system currently consists of three core systems:

- a CRM (Customer Relationship Management) system

- a BRM (Billing and Revenue Management) system

- a CAS (Conditional Access System) system all of them communicating with SOA Middleware.

You have been asked to manage the testing activities for the integration of two additional off-the-shelf systems from two different vendors: a SMS (Short Message Service) server and an IVR (Interactive Voice Response) system.

Assume that there is a high likelihood that the two off-the-shelf systems will be low-quality and that you have a clear proof that the testing performed by the two vendors on their systems has been unsystematic and unprofessional. This obviously leads to higher quality risk for the overall integrated system.

You are the Test Manager of this project. Your main goal is to plan for testing activities to mitigate this risk.

Which of the following answers best describes the test activities (assuming it is possible to perform all of them) you should plan for?

K4 3 credits

You should plan for an informal and minimal acceptance test of the two off-the-shelf systems and then a single end-to-end test of the overall integrated system

You should directly plan for a single end-to-end test focused on end-to-end tests of the overall integrated system without an acceptance test of the two off-the-shelf systems

You should plan for two levels: a system integration test and an end-to-end test of the overall integrated system

You should plan for adequate re-testing of both the systems followed by a system integration test and an end-to-end test of the overall integrated system

16. Assume you are working on a CAS (Conditional Access System) for Pay-TV that allows the access, selection and transfer of services and media to authorized users. Authorized users can choose their services through different channels: Web Customer Portal, IVR (Interactive Voice Response), Call Centre and SMS. The system uses a Smart Card to receive and decrypt the broadcasted encrypted control words which allow decrypting pay-per-view TV. Every authorized user must have a Smart Card and a Set-Top Box to view the contents.

The following is an excerpt from the product risk analysis document:

Both likelihood and impact have been rated on the following scale: (1 C Very low, 2 C Low, 3 C Medium, 4 C High, 5 C Very High).

The required test environment and code have been delivered. All test cases for each

identified product risk item have been written and are ready to be executed. The Database used to contain the Smart Cards is empty and so only new Smart Cards can be used during test execution.

A Smart Card can only be activated if it has been previously pre-activated. This means the post-conditions for the execution of the test cases to test the pre-activation of the Smart Card are the pre-conditions for activation of the Smart Card.

Which of the following statements represents the most effective contribution of the stakeholders to the completion of the failure mode analysis table?

K4 3 credits

The aircraft pilot and the customer representative should contribute to assess the detection. The chief software engineer, the system architect and the expert tester should contribute to assess the priority.

The aircraft pilot and the customer representative should contribute to assess the priority. The chief software engineer, the system architect and the expert tester should contribute to assess the detection.

The system architect and the chief software engineer should contribute to assess the priority. The expert tester is the only one who should contribute to assess the detection.

The aircraft pilot is the only one qualified to contribute to assess the priority and thus should be assigned this task. The customer representative should contribute to assess the detection.

17. Assume you are the Test Manager for a new software release of an e-commerce application.

The server farm consists of six servers providing different capabilities. Each capability is provided through a set of web services.

The requirements specification document contains several SLAs

(Service Level Agreements) like the following:

SLA-001: 99.5 percent of all transactions shall have a response time less than five seconds under a load of up-to 5000 concurrent users

The main objective is to assure that all the SLAs specified in the requirements specification document will be met before system release. You decide to apply a risk-based testing strategy and an early risk analysis confirms that performance is high risk. You can count on a well-written requirements specification and on a model of the system behavior under various load levels produced by the system architect.

Which of the following test activities would you expect to be the less important ones to achieve the test objectives in this scenario?

K4 3 credits

Perform unit performance testing for each single web service

Monitor the SLAs after the system has been released into the production environment

Perform system performance testing, consisting of several performance testing sessions, to verify if all the SLAs have been met

Perform static performance testing by reviewing the architectural model of the system under various load levels

18. Assume that you are the Test Manager for a small banking application development project.

You have decided to adopt a risk-based testing strategy and 5 product risks (R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5) have been identified during the quality risk analysis.

The following table shows the risk level associated to these product risks (higher numbers mean higher risk):

55 test cases have been designed and implemented to cover all these 5 product risks. The coverage is described in a traceability matrix.

This is the test execution status table, after the after the first week of test execution:

About 56% of the planned test cases have been successfully executed.

Assume that no additional product risks have been identified during the first week of test execution.

Which of the following answers would you expect to best describe the residual risks associated with the identified product risks, at the end of the first week of test execution? K3 2 credits

Since R3 is the only risk for which all test cases have passed, the risk has been reduced by 20%

The test execution status table indicates that the risk has been reduced by 56%

The residual risk level can’t be determined, because it requires that all the test cases have been executed

The test execution table doesn’t give an indication of the risk level of the open defects and the test cases that failed or are not run yet

19. During the follow-up phase the following conditions are checked:

X1. The code has been completely reviewed

X2. All the identified defects have been correctly fixed and the modified code has been compiled successfully and run through all the static analyzers used by the project without warnings and errors

X3. The modified code is available under the configuration management system with a new version number for the specified CI

If these conditions are fulfilled then the review process terminates.

Which of the following characteristics of a formal review is missing in this description? K2 1 credit

Defined entry and exit criteria

Checklists to be used by the reviewers

Deliverables such as reports, evaluation sheets or other review summary sheets

Metrics for reporting on the review effectiveness, efficiency, and progress

20. Assume that you are the Test Manager for a small insurance application development project.

You have decided to adopt a risk-based testing strategy: 5 product risks (R1, R2, R3, R4, R5) have been identified and their levels of risk have been assessed. 10 test cases (T1, …, T10) have been designed to cover all the product risks.

The following table shows the risk level and the test cases associated to the identified product risks (higher risk level means higher risk):

You are not confident with the assessment of the risk level and you suspect that it will be possible to find high-priority bugs in low-risk areas.

Furthermore the period for test execution is very short. Your goal is to test all the product risks in a risk-based way, while assuring that each product risk gets at least some amount of testing.

Which of the following answers describes the best test execution schedule in this scenario? K3 2 credits

T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10

T1, T3, T5, T7, T9, T2, T4, T6, T8, T10

T10, T9, T8, T7, T6, T5, T4, T3, T2, T1

T10, T8, T6, T4, T2, T9, T7, T5, T3, T1

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21. Assume that the following test cases have been executed at the end of the first week of test execution: TC-001, TC-002 and TC-007. All these tests are ‘passes’.

What is the MINIMUM number of the remaining test cases that must be successfully executed to fulfill the EX1 exit criteria? K3 2 credits

22. The following are the requirements identified as “critical”:

REQ-SEL-001. The user shall be able to combine all the three products with all the four durations to define an item to purchase

REQ-SEL-002. The user shall be able to add a maximum of six different items to the shopping cart

REQ-PUR-001. The user shall be able to purchase all the items in the shopping cart using

a credit voucher

REQ-PUR-002. The user shall be able to purchase all the items in the shopping cart using the available credit already charged on the smartcard

REQ-PUR-003. The user shall be able to purchase all the items in the shopping cart using all the accepted credit cards (Visa, MasterCard and Great Wall Card)

REG-LOGO-001. The user shall be able to logout (by clicking the logout button) from both the “select” and “purchase” pages going back to the “browse” page (anonymous navigation)

Moreover the following quality risk item has been identified as “critical”:

QR-P1. The web customer portal might not be able to provide the expected response time (less than 10 sec) for the purchase transactions under a load of up-to 1000 concurrent users

Test analysis for system testing has just begun and the following test conditions have been identifieD.

TC-SEL-01. Test the combinations of products and durations to define an item to purchase

TC-SEL-02. Test the maximum number of items, which can be added to the shopping cart

TC-PUR-01. Test the purchase of an item

TC-PUR-02. Test the purchase of an item with the credit charged on the smartcard

What is the MINIMUM number of test conditions that must be added to fulfill both the EXCR1 and EXCR2 exit criteria?

K3 2 credits

23. You are the Test Manager for a project to develop a web customer portal of a Pay-TV company that allows customers (with a smartcard and a set-top box) to purchase digital contents.

In the "select" page the system displays a dialogue where the customer can select the items (digital contents) he/she is interested in. In this page he/she can add one or more items to a shopping cart. An item consists of a product and a duration.

There are three types of products: Movie, sport and premium (movie and sport).

There are four possible durations: 1 months, 2 months, winter (from the beginning of January to end of March) and summer (from the beginning of July to end of September).

All the combinations of products and durations are allowed to define an item. Thus there are twelve possible items. A maximum of six different items can be added to the shopping cart at a time.

When the customer decides to check out he/she goes to the "purchase" page where he/she can pay the total amount of the shopping cart in three different ways:

- using a credit voucher

- using a credit already charged on the smartcard

- using a credit card (accepted credit cards are. Visa, MasterCard and Great Wall Card)

The customer can logout from both the “select” and “purchase” pages. In this case no purchase is made.

You decide to apply a blended risk-based and reactive testing strategy and the following is a subset of the exit criteria for system testing:

EXCR1- Each “critical” quality risk item must be covered by at least one test condition

EXCR2- Each “critical” requirement must be covered by at least one test condition

You are following a risk-based testing strategy. The test execution time is very limited.

Assume that all the product risk items require more or less the same level of test effort.

Which of the following answers describes the best execution schedule in this scenario?

K3 3 credits

1- Test the acceptance of transactions coming from the IVR channel 2- Test the correct charge of the Smart Card with the required contents 3- Test the correct pre-activation of the Smart Card 4- Test the correct activation of the Smart Card

1- Test the correct pre-activation of the Smart Card 2- Test the correct charge of the Smart Card with the required contents 3- Test the correct activation of the Smart Card 4-Test the acceptance of transactions coming from the IVR channel

1- Test the correct activation of the Smart Card 2- Test the correct pre-activation of the Smart Card 3- Test the correct charge of the Smart Card with the required contents 4- Test the acceptance of transactions coming from the IVR channel

1- Test the correct pre-activation of the Smart Card 2- Test the correct activation of the Smart Card 3- Test the correct charge of the Smart Card with the required contents 4- Test the acceptance of transactions coming from the IVR channel

24. You are the Test Manager for a project to develop a client-server application that allows wine vendors to order custom-assorted packages of wines of several winemakers to sell special packages in their wine shops.

You decide to apply a blended risk-based and reactive testing strategy. Below the exit criteria for the system testing.

EXCR1- Each “critical” quality risk item must be covered by at least one test condition

EXCR2- Each “critical” requirement must be covered by at least one test condition

The following are the “critical” requirements of the application:

REQ-SEL-1. The application shall allow the user to order only one package at a time

REQ-SEL-2. The application shall allow the user to select between four different packages (2-bottles, 6-bottles, 12-bottles, 15-bottles)

REQ-SEL-3. The application shall allow the user to order a package containing at least 1 bottle and no more bottles than the package size. No error messages shall be displayed if the user selects a valid number of bottles (at least 1 bottle and no more than the package size)

REQ-SEL-4. The application shall display an error message “Invalid number of bottles” if an invalid number of bottles is selected by the user (zero bottles or a number higher than the package size)

REQ-PAY-1. The application shall allow the user to pay with the three accepted credit cards (Visa, MasterCard, American Express)

REQ-PAY-2. The application shall display an error message “Invalid credit card” if invalid credit card data are given by the user

The following is the unique “critical” quality risk item that has been identified:

CR-RSK-1. The GUI of the application might accept non-integer values for the input field designed to get the number of bottles from the user

Test analysis for system testing has just begun and the following test conditions have been identified.

TC-SEL-2. Test the selection of the package sizes

TC-SEL-4. Test wrong numbers of bottles for an order

TC-CR-RSK-1. Test the accepted values from the input field designed to get the number of bottles from the user

What is the MINIMUM number of test conditions that must be added to fulfill both the EXCR1 and EXCR2 exit criteria? K3 2 credits

25. The following are the exit criteria described in the test plan of a software product:

EX1. The test suite for the product must ensure that at least each quality risk item is covered by at least one test case (a quality risk item can be covered by more test cases).

EX2. All test cases in the test suite must be run during the execution phase.

EX3. Defects are classified into two categories: “C” (critical defect) and “NC” (non-critical defect). No known C defects shall exist in the product at the end of the test execution phase.

Which of the following information is useless when the specified exit criteria is evaluated?

K2 1 credit

A traceability matrix showing the relationships between the product risk items and the test cases

A list of all the open defects with the associated classification information extracted from the defect tracking system

A chart, showing the trend in the lag time from defect reporting to resolution, extracted from the defect tracking system

The execution status of all the test cases extracted from the test management tool

26. Which of the following statements describing the consequences of specifying test conditions at a detailed level is NOT true? K2 1 credit

In an environment where the test basis is continuously changing, it is recommended to specify test conditions at a detailed level in order to achieve a better maintainability

The specification of test conditions at a detailed level can be effective when no formal requirements or other development work products are available

The specification of test conditions at a detailed level can require the implementation of an adequate level of formality across the team

For system testing, the specification of test conditions at a detailed level, carried out early in the project as soon as the test basis is established, can contribute to defect prevention

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